By W. J. Wiersinga, T. van der Poll (auth.), Prof. Jean-Louis Vincent (eds.)
The Yearbook compiles the newest advancements in experimental and medical study and perform in a single complete reference ebook. The chapters are written via good well-known specialists within the box of in depth care and emergency medication. it's addressed to every person enthusiastic about inner drugs, anesthesia, surgical procedure, pediatrics, extensive care and emergency medicine.
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By an increased release of TNF and other inflammatory mediators. In addition, HMGB-1 seems to be an autocrine/paracrine regulator of monocyte invasion involving RAGE through the endothelium [27]. The pro-inflammatory activity of HMGB-1 is exerted by the B-box of the protein. Addition of this HMGB-1 B-box to enterocytic monolayers increased intenstinal permeability [28]. These effects were strongly diminished in the presence of an anti-RAGE antibody, suggesting a significant role of RAGE in HMGB-1 initiated pathogenic events.
This then interacts with another preformed complex (consisting of TAK1, TAB1 and TAB2 or TAB3) which leads to the activation of the inhibitor-of-nuclear-factor-jB (IKK) complex. The IKK complex phosphorylates the IBs. Subsequent release of nuclear-factor-jB (NF-jB) results in the transcription of a whole range of inflammatory genes [9]. In addition, is was recently shown that the transcription factor IRF-5, which forms a complex with MyD88 and TRAF6, also functions as a general signal tranducer that mediates MyD88-dependent gene induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines [10].
J. Wiersinga is supported by the Dutch Foundation for Tropical Research (WOTRO). References 1. Riedemann NC, Guo RF, Ward PA (2003) The enigma of sepsis. J Clin Invest 112:460±467 2. Medzhitov R P-HP, Janeway CA Jr (1997) A human homologue of the Drosophila Toll protein signals activation of adaptive immunity. Nature 388:394±397 3. Lemaitre B, Nicolas E, Michaut L, Reichhart JM, Hoffmann JA (1996) The dorsoventral regulatory gene cassette spatzle/Toll/cactus controls the potent antifungal response in Drosophila adults.