By Stanislav Gorb (auth.), Prof. Stanislav N. Gorb (eds.)

This booklet is dedicated to the speedily growing to be region of technological know-how facing constitution and homes of organic surfaces of their relation to specific function(s). This quantity, written by way of a crew of experts from various disciplines, covers quite a few floor features comparable to security, security, water delivery, anti-wetting, self cleansing, mild mirrored image and scattering, and acoustics. simply because organic surfaces have an almost never-ending strength of technological principles for the improvement of latest fabrics and structures, inspirations from biology may be fascinating for a large diversity of issues in floor engineering.

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40 R. Santos et al. Holland, N. (1984) Epidermal cells. In: Biology of the integument. Vol. I. Invertebrates, ed. S. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, pp. 756–774. , and Nealson, K. (1978) The fine structure of the echinoderm cuticle and subcuticular bacteria of echinoderms. Acta Zool 59: 169–185. Kamino, K. (2006) Barnacle underwater attachment. In: Biological adhesives, ed. A. Berlin: Springer-Verlag, pp 145–166.. A. (1953) The forces exerted by the tube feet of the starfish during locomotion. J Exp Biol 30: 575–583.

In both sea stars and sea urchins, the footprints have the same shape and the same diameter as the distal surface of the tube foot discs (Fig. 2). , 1994, 1998; Flammang, 2006; Gorb and Flammang, unpubl. , 2008). This aspect has been observed in cryo-SEM (Fig. 10A), conventional SEM (Fig. 10B, C), and AFM (Fig. , 1998; Flammang, 2006). So far, however, it has not been possible to visualize fresh footprints directly in sea water. In both asteroid and echinoid footprints, one can distinguish a very thin and homogeneous priming film covering the substratum on which the fibrillar matrix is deposited (Figs.

FNRS). 07. This study is a joint contribution of the “Centre Interuniversitaire de Biologie Marine” (CIBIM, Belgium) and the “Instituto de Tecnologia Qu´ımica e Biol´ogica” (ITQB, Portugal). , and Walter, P. (2002) Molecular biology of the cell (fourth edition). New York: Garland Science. , and Flammang, P. (2000) Ultrastructure of the echinoderm cuticle after fast freezing/freeze substitution and conventional chemical fixation. Microsc Res Tech 48: 385–393. D. (1996) Influence of salinity on the ability of starfishes Asterias rubens L.

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