By S. Pack
Within the 3 many years following the second one global battle, in the course of the dictatorship of basic Francisco Franco, Spain turned the playground for thousands of carefree travelers from Europe's wealthy democracies. This e-book chronicles how their presence not just helped to reinforce the Franco regime's monetary and political status, but in addition provoked institutional swap, undermining the dictatorship's ethical austerity and monetary autarky. The examine appears underneath unique imagery of bulls and flamenco dancers, and sensationalized tales of Francoist police persecuting bikini-clad foreigners, to check how the arrival of overseas tourism profoundly motivated the regime's diplomatic and fiscal orientations as early as 1945. within the Sixties, mass tourism used to be emblematic of a dynamic, modernizing Spain, and contributed considerably to the altering political and social stipulations during which Spain's post-Franco democracy used to be born.
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With the Republic under assault from an insurgent army supported by the governments of Mussolini and Hitler, and itself receiving Soviet aid, the Spanish war seemed to many at the time to portend a general European conflict between Fascism and Democracy, or alternatively, Bolshevism and civilization. Yet despite three years in the cockpit of international affairs, Spain remained profoundly unknown to most of its neighbors. The earnest ambitions of tourism promoters to improve Spain’s economy and international stature Travel and Tourism in Spanish History ● 33 might have seemed totally irrelevant during the bellicose years after 1936 were it not for new ideas about the role of tourism in political propaganda.
39 Medical experts later discovered an alternative to the shock therapy of cold Atlantic waters on sunny Mediterranean coasts, which served by the 1830s as convalescent centers for Britons stricken with illness. 41 Travel and Tourism in Spanish History ● 23 Sea bathing as a formal custom of the Spanish elite dates to 1830, when members of the Madrid court imported the fashion from France. The motive generally was therapeutic, and, as elsewhere, opaque carts known as “bathing machines” and full-length swimming costumes prevented the sight of skin from distracting from this purpose.
He then hastily prepares a letter: “Most Excellent Royal Commissar,” he writes. “In this house we are ready. ”74 An ethos of national pride and romantic patriotism underlie the critiques and proposals for the tourism industry found in the pages of El Peregrino. An editorial argued that mastering the mechanical aspects of Travel and Tourism in Spanish History ● 29 tourism organization was insufficient, for it is necessary to create an ideal for the nation, to bring to a boil the patriotism in the hearts of its sons, for them to love the glory of its history and the beauties of its land, to inculcate them with the vision of a glorious future.