By Leonard Schapiro
Communism, Political technology, Sociology, Philosohy
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Additional resources for The Origin of the Communist Autocracy: Political Opposition in the Soviet State
Sample text
The gulf between the two is illustrated by the relationship between Struve and Stolypin during the period of the Third Duma, as described by Struve in his fragmentary memoirs. Struve had achieved an informal contact with the Prime Minister, Stolypin, and used to 10 THE ORIGIN OF THE COMMUNIST AUTOCRACY visit him on occasion in a vain endeavour to influence him to complement his important agrarian reforms by equally farreaching political reforms. The visits had to take place in secret, and at dead of night-in the interests of both.
According to Kamenev, bolshevik policy in regard to the war should be - 'pressure on the Provisional Government ... compelling it to come out immediately ... with an attempt to induce all the warring countries immediately to open up negotiations about means of stopping the world war. ' 18 While, according to Stalin, 'the basic slogan "down with the war" is completely useless . . ' 19 The change in bolshevik policy after the arrival of Stalin and Kamenev is reflected in a resolution ofthe Petrograd Bureau of 8 April which now merely contented itself with a demand for pressure on the Provisional Government to offer immediate and just peace terms.
4-8. ; tion was de<;irable between the Bolsheviks and those Mensheviks who accepted the Zimmerwald and Kienthal programmes also corresponded to the view widely expressed among the Bolsheviks in Russia. n For three weeks before Lenin's arrival in Petrograd Stalin rather than Kamenev was the leader of the party-leading it, as he later admitted, along the wrong lines. 22 During his short reign two bolshevik party conferences were held, the first between 11 and 14 April, a conference of the Petmgrad party, the other immediately after, an All Russian Party Conference, representing no less than 58 bolshevik party organizations.