By Abul K. Abbas, Vinay Kumar, Nelson Fausto, Jon C. Aster
One of many best-selling clinical textbooks of all time, Robbins and Cotran Pathologic foundation of Disease is the single booklet that just about all scientific scholars buy, and can be conventional through physicians around the globe. A "who's who" of pathology specialists gives you the main responsible, present, and entire assurance of today's crucial pathology wisdom.
At an identical time, masterful enhancing and a pragmatic association make gaining knowledge of each notion remarkably effortless. on-line entry through pupil seek advice comprises self-assessment and assessment questions, interactive case experiences, downloadable pictures, movies, and a digital microscope that permits you to view slides at diversified magnifications. the outcome continues to be definitely the right resource for an optimum knowing of pathology.
• deals the main authoritative and entire, but readable assurance on hand in any pathology textbook, making it excellent for USMLE or forte board education in addition to for path work.
• contains entry to the full contents on-line through pupil seek advice, besides self-assessment and assessment questions, over a hundred interactive medical case reviews, downloadable photographs, movies, and a digital microscope that we could clients view slides at various magnifications.
• grants a state of the art knowing of the pathologic foundation of ailment via thoroughly up to date assurance, together with the most recent mobile and molecular biology.
• Demonstrates each thought visually with over 1,600 full-color photomicrographs and conceptual diagrams - many revised for even higher quality.
• allows studying with an exceptional full-color, hugely ordinary design.
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Additional resources for Robbins & Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease (8th Edition)
Sample text
The importance of neutrophil influx in reperfusion injury has been demonstrated experimentally by the ability of anti-inflammatory interventions, such as treatment with antibodies that block cytokines or adhesion molecules, to reduce the extent of the injury. 33 The complement system is involved in host defense and is an important mechanism of immune injury (Chapter 6). 34 CHEMICAL (TOXIC) INJURY Chemical injury remains a frequent problem in clinical medicine and is a major limitation to drug therapy.
Several other caspases, including caspase-3 and caspase-6, serve as executioners. Like many proteases, caspases exist as inactive pro-enzymes, or zymogens, and must undergo an enzymatic cleavage to become active. The presence of cleaved, active caspases is a marker for cells undergoing apoptosis (Fig. 1–22C). We will discuss the roles of these enzymes in apoptosis later in this section. DNA and Protein Breakdown. 41 Subsequently, there is cleavage of DNA by Ca2+and Mg2+-dependent endonucleases into fragments whose sizes are multiples of 180 to 200 base pairs, reflecting cleavage between nucleosomal subunits.
The strategy that is perhaps the most useful in ischemic (and traumatic) brain and spinal cord injury is the transient induction of hypothermia (reducing the core body temperature to 92°F). This treatment reduces the metabolic demands of the stressed cells, decreases cell swelling, suppresses the formation of free radicals, and inhibits the host inflammatory response. 28 ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION INJURY Restoration of blood flow to ischemic tissues can promote recovery of cells if they are reversibly injured.