By Katherine Rogers
This publication is designed as a revision and research relief for scholar nurses venture their pharmacology module/s and comparable examination review. it's a self-test e-book of self-assessment questions and quizzes that's designed to either try scholars studying and aid them take on their wisdom gaps via explaining the solutions to all of the questions integrated. The textual content is organised into physique structures chapters and every chapter Read more...
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The COX-1 enzyme is responsible for producing non-inflammatory prostaglandins, which are found throughout the body and are involved in maintaining tissue homeostasis. COX-1 and COX-2 are structurally very similar, so a number of NSAIDs will inhibit the action of both enzymes rather than just COX-2 in inflamed tissues. This inhibition of the non-inflammatory COX-1 is why certain side-effects such as gastrointenstinal disturbances are associated with some NSAIDs. 2 Anti-inflammatory corticosteroids inhibit the action of the natural glucocorticosteroids.
In the absence of angiotensin II, blood pressure falls. Carrier proteins (or transport systems) may be targeted by drugs to prevent the normal physiological recycling of certain chemical transmitters. An example is the inhibition of the re-uptake of the neurotransmitter serotonin by certain antidepressant drugs, causing an accumulation of serotonin at the synapse, which enhances mood. Ion channels in the cell membrane may be targeted by drugs in two ways: (1) channels are blocked, as in calcium channel blockers, which block the entry of calcium into cells, or (2) channels may be regulated by drugs that bind to the channel, altering the channel’s response to its normal target.
ANSWERS 19/11/2013 09:03 21 ANSWERS The ability of the kidneys to excrete drugs is called: a) renal excretion b) renal filtration c) renal secretion d) renal clearance Renal clearance is determined by dividing the amount of drug excreted in the urine by the plasma concentration of the drug. In a healthy adult, the kidneys filter 120 mL of plasma every minute. Based on this figure, if a drug has a renal clearance value considerably lower than 120 mL per minute, it means the drug is either (1) not well filtered as it passes through the glomeruli of the kidneys or (2) the drug is filtered and then mostly reabsorbed into the plasma at the kidney tubules.