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Taylor, 1996). 2 The different faces and dimensions of power Power over Episodic agency concept power as opportunity to impose one’s own will on others ● concrete decisions and observable open conflicts ● collective interests = individual interests The second face of power: control and nondecisions ● power as possibility/capacity to do or not to do something ● control over social situations and actors ● covert conflicts ● prevention of certain activities or decisions ● collective interests { individual interests Networked conception of power ● power as positive sum game ● capacity of certain groups to mobilize power resources as means for certain aims ● capacity to reduce systemic complexity ● group empowerment Decentered conception of power ● disciplinary power as all-encompassing mechanism ● power moving through the hands of the powerful and powerless ● power without sovereign subject ● Power to Collective Discursive Sources: After Allen (1997), Clegg (1989), Giddens (1984), Imbusch (1998).
Institutions and Regulation 19 functionalism. Albeit having different intentions, regulationists tend to endow capitalism with specific needs which are then met by what is termed the mode of regulation. In doing so, the regulation school reduces diverse institutional configurations to their stabilizing function (see Danielzyk, 1998: 123ff; Jessop 1994a: 237). The second, related criticism concerns an inherent structuralism. By giving structure preference over agency, regulationists neglect that we are knowledgeable and reflexive human beings.
Here, two trends have provoked discussion and controversy with work conducted from a political–economic perspective. First, a blurring of boundaries between previously more rigidly demarcated tasks has been observed within many enterprises. This is linked to attempts to integrate the workers concerned into the firm to such a point that they identify their interests with those of the enterprise (Grahl, 1994). The central argument here concerns a declining importance of class differences and growing incentives on the part of both capital and labour to work together in a context of flatter intra-firm hierarchies and competition from other firms.