By Jeff Kingston
The Nineties were termed as 'Japan's misplaced decade' to explain how the exceptional development within the jap economic system floor to a halt and the rustic was once crippled by way of huge, immense and ongoing political, fiscal and social difficulties. In responding to those exceptional problems, wide-ranging reforms were followed together with NPO, details disclosure and judicial reform laws. Controversially, this ebook argues that such reforms are making a extra strong civil society and reveal that Japan is way extra dynamic than is mostly well-known.
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Example text
Rather, the girls want discretionary income to purchase expensive designer clothes and accessories and pay their keitai (cellular phone) bills. 8 Japan’s massive sex industry caters to all tastes. (Photo: Andreas Seibert/ Lookat) mores of the wider society. Japan’s sex industry is enormous, very public and generally tolerated by the authorities. It was not until 1999 that Japan joined the international community in banning child pornography – not out of moral concern, but mostly due to the bad publicity associated with being identified as the primary source of this seedy commodity on the internet.
The reciprocal arrangement of unstinting loyalty to the firm in exchange for a secure job is unraveling or, perhaps more accurately, the myth of lifetime employment has been exposed. Labor economists have long pointed out that lifetime employment never applied to more than one-third of the workforce, as workers in small and medium-size enterprises did not enjoy the same employment conditions as their counterparts in larger firms. Nevertheless, lifetime employment was widely regarded as a keystone of Japan’s employment paradigm, and the realization that it is no longer sacrosanct has had an enormous impact on employment relationships and policy planning.
Some Japanese have tried to come to terms with the past by shading the truth in a unilateral manner that has caused old animosities to fester and impeded regional reconciliation. 25 The manner in which this past is now examined and how this is reflected in government actions, choices, and policies will affect the scope and pace of regional integration. Since the early 1990s Japanese have been confronting their nation’s brutal record in the 1930s and 1940s. Like many of the issues discussed below, this experience has been unsettling and unwelcome.