By Lev S. Belyaev
With the worldwide call for for power skyrocketing, over the last 20 years many nations have restructured their electrical strength industries, in most cases relocating from a regulated monopoly to a aggressive marketplace constitution. the result of those reforms fluctuate considerably from nation to state looking on the marketplace association version and nationwide stipulations. This booklet examines the restructuring in either built and constructing countries, with specific concentrate on the USA, nice Britain, China, and Russia, and addresses the issues coming up from those transitions. The publication additionally incorporates a complete research of other electrical energy industry types and their compatibility with the houses of electrical strength structures and nation stipulations. because the so much thorough and recent research of the idea and functional event of electrical energy deregulation, this e-book is a must-read for teachers, scholars and researchers with an curiosity in electrical strength restructuring. It additionally has direct relevance for engineers, regulators and different determination makers in businesses and governmental enterprises taken with power issues.
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Extra resources for Electricity Market Reforms: Economics and Policy Challenges
Example text
Now, we pass on to the effects owing to the interconnection of EPSs with the formation of IPSs and the NPS (or UPS). These effects are also well known and studied (see references indicated at the beginning of this section). Therefore, they will be commented on briefly. Part of the effects is due to the same factors that were mentioned above; however, there are specific factors as well. The key effects achieved owing to the interconnection of EPSs are as follows [24]: 1. Power transfer from an EPS with cheaper electricity to an EPS with a more expensive one 2.
They may be called “capacity” effects of interconnecting EPSs. These effects are very substantial for some countries. 4. They are typical of the EPS as a whole at a joint consideration (efficiency assessment) of the electricity generation and transmission spheres, when construction of transmission lines decreases demand for generation capacities of EPSs to be interconnected and the total costs for EPS expansion. The capacity effects of interconnecting EPSs are observed at any type of generation facilities and transmission lines.
Certain properties and specific features inherent in power systems cause imperfection of the electricity market and its distinctions from markets in other industries. 2 that can be lost due to poor market organization. (b)╇Specialized electricity transportation that leads to territorial restriction of the market and creates a technological (physical) entry barrier for new producers in the short run. (c)╇Variability of daily, weekly, and seasonal loads of consumers. In combination with the other properties analyzed in this section, this one determines, in particular, the: − Uncertainty of short-run costs of electricity producers.