Q. , carbohydrate in larval haemolymph 4: 294 Anthranilic acids during metamorphosis 10: 202, 206 properties 10: 131, 132 tumour induction 10: 221 Anthrenus spp. , spiracular gills 5: 75, 77, 78, 90, 91, 93, 95, 96, 98 – 100, 102, 103, 105, 107, 108, 113, 114, 130– 133 Antocha vitripennis, spiracular gills 5: 76, 87, 88, 93 – 95, 99, 102, 103, 106, 109, 112, 114, 124, 132 Antp gene, Arthropoda 24: 78, 79 Antromysis juberthiei 27: 55, 77 Antrozous p. , lipid content 4: 78 Aphis, neurosecretory cells 12: 80, 103 Aphis, oxygen consumption in flight 3: 321 Aphis, woolly, saliva detoxicant function 9: 248 phytopathogenicity 9: 217 Aphodius, hardened protein in elytra 2: 202 Aphoidea, feeding 9: 192 Aphrodite, chitin chitin/protein complexes 1: 297, 300– 303, 307, 309, 310 structure of 1: 262, 270, 273, 274 Aphrodite, X-ray diffraction of chaetae 4: 275 Aphrophora alni, chitin orientation 4: 234 Aphrophora alni, salivary glands 9: 232 Aphrophora parallela, choline metabolism 9: 73 Aphrophora spumaria, ocellus 7: 102 Aphrosylus celtiber, spiracular gills 5: 109, 149– 151 Aphrosylus spp, spiracular gills 5: 75, 84, 100, 113, 148– 152 Apical borders, rectal pads, chloride transport 19: 356 Apical entry mechanism, chloride 19: 362 Apical mechanisms, sodium fluxes 19: 382 Apical membranes, locust rectum 19: 371 Apical membranes, rectal pads 19: 376 Apical tissue, sex determination 19: 34 Apidae differentiation of flight muscle 5: 220– 222 flight reflexes 5: 213, 215 Apidae, pterines 6: 149 Apis 19: 344; 25: 108, 110, 116, 131, 201; 26: 305, 325, 343 blood clotting 11: 157, 164 deutocerebrum, biogenic amine cell localization in 15: 342 differentiation centre 12: 131 embryogenesis 12: 133, 134, 176, 185– 187, 203 gene activity epidermal nuclei 11: 328 haemolymph protein 11: 344 larval fat body 11: 350 synthesis, adult proteins 11: 370 neurosecretory cells during life history 12: 97 CUMULATIVE SUBJECT INDEXES FOR VOLUMES 1 –29 protocerebral 12: 82 volume 12: 105 oocyte-nurse cell syncytium bridge distribution 11: 244 cell determination 11: 254 end of synchrony 11: 264 germinal vesicle function 11: 283 mitotic synchrony 11: 249, 250 protocerebral bridge, biogenic amine cell localization 15: 338 scalariform junctions, thin section appearance 15: 159 Apis andreniformis 25: 131, 133, 135 Apis armbrusteri 25: 133 Apis cerana 25: 127, 132– 134 Apis cerana, phylogenetic relationships 13: 111 Apis dorsata 25: 127, 132– 135 Apis dorsata, lipid content 4: 81 Apis dorsata, phylogenetic relationships 13: 111 Apis florea 25: 127, 128, 132, 135 Apis florea, phylogenetic relationships 13: 111 Apis koschevnikovi 25: 131– 133 Apis laboriosa 25: 134 Apis mellifera (see also Bees) cholinergic elements in 1: 6, 7, 9 diet 1: 355, 357 haemolymph 1: 213, 355, 357 neuromuscular junctions 1: 468, 469, 471, 472 Apis mellifera 19: 291, 292; 24: 45, 50, 51, 55, 56, 314; 25: 108, 109, 114, 115, 117, 120, 122, 124, 127– 129, 132, 133, 135–138, 158, 190, 200, 202, 210, 222, 316; 26: 327; 28: 119 abdominal scent glands 5: 187 absence of glutarate pathway 10: 133 antennae, sensilla on 16: 296, 297 antennal cuticle structure 4: 222, 229 biogenic amine inactivation in 15: 360 corpora pedunculata, biogenic amine distribution in 15: 332 cuticular parabolic lamellae 4: 226 diuretic and antidiuretic hormones and 29: 301, 305, 358– 360 dopamine in 29: 98 EAAT (apmEAAT) 29: 64, 67, 70 fanning 5: 187, 188 feeding rhythms 10: 9 41 flight differentiation of muscles 5: 219, 220 reflexes and direct muscles 5: 204 reflexes and flight initiation 5: 200 reflexes and indirect muscles 5: 202 reflexes and velocity control5: 206, 207 reflexes and vision 5: 199 reflexes and yaw control 5: 214 flight muscle and fatty acid oxidation 4: 125 and lipid hydrolysis 4: 111, 116 hexokinase activity 4: 302, 303 hive aeration 5: 187 lipid content 4: 81, 93 metabolic oscillator 4: 252 monosaccharide utilization 4: 303 mouthparts, sensilla on 16: 268 N-acetyltransferase in, biogenic amine inactivation and 15: 362 optic lobes, biogenic amine cell localization 15: 338 scent 4: 169 sugar in haemolymph 4: 294, 295, 298, 299 tritocerebrum, biogenic amine cell localization in 15: 344 unpaired median neurons in 28: 190 wax production 4: 156 Apis mellifera capensis 25: 130 Apis mellifera carnica 25: 130, 158 Apis mellifera carnica, melettin in 13: 106 Apis mellifera carnica, mushroom bodies, function 15: 336 Apis mellifera liguistica 25: 115, 120, 138 Apis mellifera mellifera 25: 126, 138 Apis mellifera see honey bee Apis mellifera, alkenes in 13: 2 fibrillar muscles 13: 203 flight fuel 13: 165 flight speed, metabolic rate and 13: 145 hyperglycaemic hormone 13: 101 isolation of visual pigments from 13: 39 metabolic rate, mass, wing-loading wingbeat frequency and 13: 140 methylalkanes in 13: 8 oxygen consumption during flight 13: 142 oxygen consumption, flight and 13: 136 phylogenetic relationships 13: 111 power output, control mechanisms 13: 153 pre-flight warm-up 13: 187, 188 42 CUMULATIVE SUBJECT INDEXES FOR VOLUMES 1–29 rhodopsin and metarhodopsin 13: 46 substrate-cycling 13: 195 wingbeat frequency temperature and 13: 139 Apis mellifera, basal lamina 14: 187 haemolymph, vitellogenin in 14: 60 surface dyads 14: 191 vitellogenin and vitellin in 14: 53 vitellogenin biosynthesis control, juvenile hormone and 14: 71 Apis mellifera, breathing in flight 3: 321 Apis mellifera, GABA receptors 22: 24 Apis mellifera, haemolymph 6: 216, 217 Apis mellifera, ocellus electrical response 7: 153 flicker fusion frequency 7: 166– 168 sensitivity 7: 165 Apis mellifera, resilin in cuticle 2: 14 Apis mellifica kynurenine-3-hydroxylase 10: 191 ommochromes 10: 158 Apis mellifica, choline metabolism acetyicholine 9: 66 lipids containing choline 9: 75, 77 oxidation 9: 89 requirements 9: 92 Apis mellifica, ocellus as stimulatory organ 7: 137, 138 units, thoracic ganglion 7: 178 Apis mellifica, pterines 6: 147, 155, 165, 173, 176 Apis, antenna 14: 301 rhabdomere arrangement 14: 285 vitellogenin biosynthesis, control 14: 72 genetic control 14: 86 Apis, fat body 1: 125 Apis, flight speed, metabolic rate and 13: 145 phylogenetic relationships 13: 111, 112 Apis, nervous system development 6: 100, 113, 118, 121, 120 Apis, ocellus dark adaptation 7: 169 development 7: 102 spectral sensitivity 7: 170 structure 7: 114 Apis, ommochromes 10: 144, 161 Apis, vision eye 3: 2 polarized light 3: 19 spacing of photoreceptors 3: 16 Aplysia 19: 7, 115, 369, 370; 24: 179; 28: 270 adenylate cyclase activity, octopamine and 15: 443 catecholamine synthesis in 15: 351 neuromuscular junctions, biogenic amines and 15: 390 neuromuscular transmission 5-HT and 15: 384 neurones, acetylcholine receptors 15: 272, 273, 275 Aplysia californica action of GABA 22: 67, 68 circadian-pacemaker structures 22: 280– 286 Aplysia californica, putative acetylcholine receptors, pharmacological profiles 15: 233 Aplysia, circadian rhythms in neurons 4: 262 Aplysia, visceral ganglion 3: 287, 288, 291, 296 Apodemes, chitin orientation 4: 220, 233 Apodiphus amygdali, abdominal scent glands, developmental fate 14: 369 scent gland functions 14: 362 Apoidea, caste development in 16: 169 Apoidea, flight reflexes 5: 204, 205, 210 Apolysis 14: 118; 26: 161 and tissue isolation in spiracular gills 5: 85 et seq.

CUMULATIVE SUBJECT INDEXES FOR VOLUMES 1 –29 in adult 3: 96 – 102 in blood 3: 62, 69 – 71, 73, 75, 77, 78 in embryo 3: 55, 62 in growth and moulting 3: 72 – 75 in larva 3: 69 – 82 in lethal mutants 3: 106 in pupa 3: 89 – 93 intermediary pathways 3: 79 – 82 interrelationships 3: 75 – 82 nutrition and absorption 3: 76, 77 occurrence and significance 3: 69 –72 osmoregulation 3: 78 other specific functions 3: 78, 79 sex specific differences 3: 96 – 99 Amino acids and membrane potential 6: 224, 232, 237 as neurotransmitters GABAergic systems 22: 188– 192 glutamatergic systems 22: 183– 188 composition of resilin 2: 14, 29, 30, 33 –36, 52 deamination 4: 42, 43 decarboxylic, and synaptic membranes 6: 248 effect on food intake 11: 98 effect on heart rate 2: 223 excretion Coleoptera 4: 50, 51 general aspects 4: 34, 43, 44 haematophagous Diptera 4: 52, 53, 57, 58 Hemiptera 4: 43, 44, 48 – 50 Homoptera 4: 49, 50 Orthoptera 4: 46 faecal material 4: 44 free, in blood; haemocyte role 11: 200 in ammonia synthesis 4: 42, 43 in calliphorin 11: 347 in chironomid haemoglobin 11: 348 in glutamic acid cycle 4: 43 in haemolymph 6: 215, 217, 218 in honeydew 4: 49 in purine synthesis 4: 34 in uricotelic pathway 4: 35 incorporation in egg 12: 224 metabolism, endocrine control 12: 286– 294 bursicon 12: 291– 293 juvenile hormone 12: 288– 291 moulting hormone 12: 287, 288 nitrogen metabolism and CC 12: 294 29 muscle phosphorylases 7: 290 puparium glue 7: 60 role in lipid metabolism 4: 137, 140, 147, 148 sequence information 22: 302, 303 source of urea 4: 42 storage 22: 313 synthesis of lipid from 12: 279 Amino acids as phagostimulants, in continuation of feeding 16: 69 Amino acids reactions in quinone tanning 21: 201 Amino acids, and rectum 8: 304, 322 Amino acids, cell to cell transfer 15: 86, 87 Amino acids, fat body 1: 146– 149 Amino acids, Hemiptera saliva and phytopathogenicity 9: 218, 220– 225 in sheath material 9: 206 in watery saliva 9: 216 origins of saliva 9: 236, 237 Amino acids, in insect haemolymph 14: 201 in vitellins 14: 68 in vitellogenins 14: 65 – 69 Amino acids, regulation, hindgut 19: 388 e-amino caproic acid, microfibril diameter 4: 214 Amino dopaquinone 27: 245 e-Amino groups, role in tanning 2: 184 Amino-3-hydroxyl-5-methyl-4-isooxazole propionic acid (AMPA) 24: 312, 313, 333 4-Amino-5-imidazole carboxamide riboside, role in uric acid synthesis 4: 40 Aminoacetophenone 24: 183 r-aminobenzioic acid, folic acid synthesis 6: 185 g-aminobutyric acid (GABA), effect on inhibitory synaptic membranes 6: 252, 254– 256 g-Aminobutyric acid see GABA g-Aminobutyric acid see Gammaaminobutyric acid g-Aminobutyric acid, and salivary gland stimulation 9: 6 a-Aminobutyric acid, aphid saliva 9: 218 1-Aminocyclobutane-trans-1,3dicarboxylate 29: 73 Aminopeptidase 26: 194, 195, 197, 201, 209– 211, 216 Aminophylline, firefly light organ stimulation by 15: 400 30 CUMULATIVE SUBJECT INDEXES FOR VOLUMES 1–29 Ammonia biosynthesis amino acid deamination 4: 42, 43, 57 glutamic acid cycle 4: 43, 57 peptone deamination 4: 43 protein sources 4: 42, 43 purine deamination 4: 42, 57 uricolytic pathway 4: 35, 38, 39, 42 end product of protein metabolism 4: 47, 48 excretion aquatic insects 4: 42, 51, 57 Coleoptera 4: 50, 51 Diptera 4: 52 – 54 meat-eating maggots 4: 39, 42, 53, 54 minor product 4: 42 Neuroptera 4: 51 Odonata 4: 46 – 48 Orthoptera 4: 46 toxic end product 4: 34 role in uric acid synthesis 4: 40 Ammonia, CPV 26: 270 Ammonia, in extracellular fluid 6: 218 Ammonia, probing responses to 11: 39, 40 Ammonium 24: 323 Ammonium bicarbonate, excretion 4: 51 Ammonium ions, and Malpighian tubules 8: 244 Ammonium salts, quaternary, effect on electrically excitable membranes 6: 267, 269 Ammonium, 2-isothiocyanatoethyltrimethyl-, iodide, receptor actions 15: 292 Ammonium, 4-(N-maleimido)-5benzyltrimethyl-, iodide, in binding studies of acetylcholine receptors 15: 219 Ammonium, hydroxyphenyltrimethyl-, interneurone synaptic transmission and 15: 253 Ammonium, plasma membrane permeability to 14: 212 Ammonotelic insects excretory terminology 4: 59 Ammophila 26: 325 Ammophile, behaviour 7: 376 Amoeba, diffusion rate of cell membrane 2: 85 Amoeba, pinocytosis 3: 101 Amoebocytes 11: 194 AMP see Adenosine 30 50 -cyclic monophosphate AMPA (Amino-3-hydroxyl-5-methyl-4isooxazole propionic acid) 24: 312, 313, 333 Ampelisca 25: 158 Amphetamine and locomotor rhythms 10: 42 Amphetamine, and luminescence 6: 74, 75, 77, 79 Amphetamine, stimulation of Photuris pyralis light organs 15: 397 Amphiacusta maya 29: 246 Amphibia, plasma membrane permeability in 14: 209 Amphibians 24: 131, 168, 169, 197, 253 Amphibicorisae, feeding 9: 192 Amphicremna, coloration 8: 149, 166 Amphinma 19: 369 Amplification, gene 11: 331 Amplitude modulation, innate releasing mechanisms and 13: 268– 277 pattern 13: 310– 314 Amputation, leg, effect on walking 18: 95, 96 Amsacta moorei 25: 30, 31 Amylamine, salivary gland stimulation 9: 6 Amylase and cyclic AMP 9: 37 in glycogen metabolism 4: 305, 334– 336 pH in mid-gut 4: 320 saliva 9: 209, 214, 215 Anabaena 29: 26 Anabolia nervosa biogenic amine distribution 15: 323 dopamine cell 15: 375 5-HT distribution in 15: 324 Anabolia nervosa haemolymph ionic regulation 1: 327 osmotic pressure and medium 1: 320, 321 Anabolia nervosa, osmoregulation excretory system 1: 333, 336, 337 water balance 1: 349– 351 Anabrus simplex 29: 176 cuticular lipid 4: 153 extra-cuticular hydrocarbons 4: 155 Anabrus simplex, dimethylalkanes in 13: 13, 14, 15, 16 methylalkanes in 13: 9 3-methylalkanes in 13: 4 CUMULATIVE SUBJECT INDEXES FOR VOLUMES 1 –29 Anaciaeshna, spiracle activity 3: 312 Anacridium aegypticum, vitellogenin and vitellin in 14: 52 Anacridium aegyptiu 19: 76 Anacridium aegyptium female sexual behaviour 10: 319 ommochromes 10: 152 Anacridium aegyptium, lipid content 4: 78 Anacridium aegyptium, myogenic rhythm, function 15: 380 Anacridium aegyptium, neural lamella 1: 403 Anacridium aegyptium, ocellus 7: 137 Anacridium, coloration A.

Follicle cell proteins 14: 92 Anagasta, accessory nuclei, germinal vesicle 11: 285 Anagasta, sperm capacitation 9: 381 Anal cerci, and habituation 9: 151, 152, 156 Anal gill, polytene chromosomes 7: 7 Anal papillae 1: 341, 342, 349, 350 mosquito larvae 8: 212 respiratory function 17: 102, 103 salt-water mosquito 8: 320 tracheole filling in 17: 127– 129 Anaphylaxis 24: 122 Anasa tristis, fat body pigment 1: 160 Anastomoses, peripheral nerve 20: 111 Anastomosis of tracheoles 17: 87, 88, 109 31 Anatomy 23: 8 – 12 Anatomy of firefly lantern 6: 54 – 59 Anatomy, neurosecretory system 12: 65 –99 see neurosecretory system Anatomy, proctolinergic system 19: 13 Anatopynia varius, polytene chromosomes 7: 4 Anax 25: 159, 160, 201 abdpminal ganglia 7: 359 ecdysis 2: 179, 180 innervation of heart 2: 224 ocellus 7: 114 A.