By Craig Boardman, Denis O. Gray, Drew Rivers
At a time while medical and technical innovation now calls for a mess of heterogeneous inputs and services from the private and non-private sectors alike, cooperative learn facilities (CRCs) have emerged because the principal motor vehicle for cross-sector collaboration. within the U.S. on my own, there are millions of CRCs on college campuses, and organisations just like the nationwide technology beginning, nationwide Institutes of well-being, division of protection, and extra lately the dep. of power fund CRCs to deal with the various nation’s such a lot ambitious demanding situations with technological know-how and know-how, together with melanoma and different ailments, terrorism surveillance and the detection of guns of mass destruction, and new power applied sciences and clever strength grid improvement. sometimes participates in CRCs for entry to wisdom, capability improvement, and to mitigate chance. This quantity comprises study investigating CRCs from North the US, Europe, Australia, and Asia to discover the dynamics of CRCs, together with yet now not constrained to source allocation, constitution, point of sponsorship, association and club, administration and operations, targets and targets, and in doing so identifies either changes and similarities throughout institutional and nationwide contexts. the quantity sheds gentle at the function of CRCs in selling innovation, S&T coverage, and monetary improvement, and at the useful facets of profitable CRC administration. furthermore, the works integrated within the quantity think of the results for many of the stakeholder teams (firms, universities, researchers, scholars, policymakers) invested in CRCs.
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Extra resources for Cooperative Research Centers and Technical Innovation: Government Policies, Industry Strategies, and Organizational Dynamics
Sample text
In: James A (ed) Re-evaluating defense R&D and innovation dynamics. Edward Elgar Press, Northampton, MA Bozeman B, Boardman C (2003) Managing the new multipurpose, Multidiscipline University Research Center: institutional innovation in the academic community. IBM Endowment for the Business of Government, Washington, DC Bozeman B, Boardman C (2004) The NSF Engineering Research Centers and the UniversityIndustry Research Revolution. J Technol Transf 29(3–4):365–375 Bozeman B, Dietz J (2001) Research policy trends in the United States: civilian technology programs, defense technology and the deployment of the national laboratories.
National Academy Press, Washington, DC, pp 37–43 Tassey G (2005) Underinvestment in public good technologies. J Technol Transf 30(1/2):89–113 Teece DJ, Pisano G, Shuen A (1997) Dynamic capabilities and strategic management. Strategic Manage J 18(7):509–533 Tierlinck P, Spithoven A (2010) Fostering industry-science cooperation through public funding: Differences between universities and public research centres. J Technol Transf 35:1–22 Tijssen RJW (2006) Universities and industrially relevant science: towards measurement models and indicators of entrepreneurial orientation.
The establishment of the IUCRC and ERC programs at the NSF, for example, was in many ways a response to the US economic competition with Japan (Suh 1986). Many of the CRCs in Europe and Asia were established similarly by government to help national industries compete in the global economy (Bozeman and Boardman 2004). Yet, most studies of CRCs focus on organizational aspects and scientific and commercial outcomes (see below) rather than the policy implementation functions that these research units help to fulfill.