By C.J. van LEEUWEN, T.G. VERMEIRE

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Additional info for RISK ASSESSMENT OF CHEMICALS: AN INTRODUCTION (2nd EDITION)

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Should generate better accepted, more readily implemented risk management decisions. Further developments in the risk management proces transparent decisions. The relevance of risk assessment policy has been demonstrated in a critical analysis of trade disputes [50]. The study showed that: 1. Different judgements were made about what the breadth and scope of scientific risk assessments should be. 2. Different judgements were made about the ways uncertainties should be handled by risk assessors, and the significance that should be ascribed to them.

This phase is dominated by legislative, socio-economic and political considerations, particularly in relation to public and occupational health and environmental protection. 2. 3) dominated by scientific considerations. 3. 3) based on technical, economic and social information. Does this mean that the role of science in the overall risk management process has decreased over time? First of all, the process of risk assessment has not changed fundamentally in the past 25 years [41,52]. Secondly, scientists will continue to play a crucial role in the problem formulation and dialogue with risk managers in the development of risk assessment methodologies, in making explicit what we want to protect and at what levels, and in providing clarity about the uncertainties in assessments that were made [41,42,47,49].

S. Congress, Office of Technology Assessment [27]. g. will a potential measure discriminate against specific groups in our society? e. do we have appropriate regulatory, monitoring and enforcement tools? • Scientific aspects: the limits of science are manifest at different levels; how great are the uncertainties in methodologies, measurements and other observations, extrapolations; do the risks affect mortality, morbidity or both and what assumptions have been made? Selecting risk-reducing options will trigger “acceptability” discussions, not only about the predicted risks themselves but also about the anticipated consequences of risk reduction measures.

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