By Detlef Stolten, Bernd Emonts
Authored through 50 most sensible educational, executive and researchers, this guide explores mature, evolving applied sciences for a fresh, economically potential substitute to non-renewable strength. In so doing, it additionally discusses such broader subject matters because the environmental impression, schooling, security and regulatory advancements.
The textual content is all-encompassing, protecting a variety that comes with hydrogen as an power provider, hydrogen for garage of renewable power, and incorporating hydrogen applied sciences into present technologies.
Read Online or Download Hydrogen Science and Engineering: Materials, Processes, Systems and Technology, 2 Volume Set PDF
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Additional resources for Hydrogen Science and Engineering: Materials, Processes, Systems and Technology, 2 Volume Set
Example text
The feedstock is heated in a furnace and passed with hydrogen through a reactor containing a suitable metal oxide catalyst, such as cobalt and molybdenum oxides on alumina. Reactor operating conditions range from 205 to 425 °C (400–800 °F) and from 50 to 800 psi, and depend on the kind of feedstock and the degree of treating required. Higher-boiling feedstocks, high sulfur content, and maximum sulfur removal require higher temperatures and pressures. After passing through the reactor, the treated oil is cooled and separated from the excess hydrogen, which is recycled through the reactor.
Plaza del Gas No. V. Linder Höhe 51147 Cologne Germany XXXVII XXXVIII List of Contributors Stefan Rönsch Eberhard Schlücker Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum Gemeinnützige GmbH Department Biorefineries Torgauer Str. V. Linder Höhe 51147 Cologne Germany Photosynthesis Research Center Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology/Faculty of Science Okayama University Okayama 700-8530 Japan Ingrid Schjølberg Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) IVT-IMT 7491 Trondheim Norway Louis Schlapbach NIMS National Institute for Materials Science Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan and Kyushu University WPI I2CNER Fukuoka City, Kyushu Japan Sergey Shishatskiy Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Zentrum für Material- und Küstenforschung Verfahrenstechnik Max-Planck-Straße 1 21502 Geesthacht Germany Sabine Sievers AIR LIQUIDE Deutschland GmbH H2 Energy Deutschland Hans-Güther-Sohl-Str.
In summary, the modern refinery faces the challenge of meeting an increasing demand for cleaner transportation fuels, as specifications continue to tighten around the world and markets decline for high-sulfur fuel oil. Innovative ideas and solutions to reduce refinery costs must always be considered, including: (i) optimization of the hydrogen management network, (ii) multiple feedstock options for hydrogen production, (iii) optimization of plant capacity, and last but certainly not least (iv) use of hydrogen recovery technologies to maximize hydrogen availability and minimize capital investment.